Fig. 4From: Thioester-containing proteins regulate the Toll pathway and play a role in Drosophila defence against microbial pathogens and parasitoid waspsSurvival to parasitoid wasps. Second instar larvae were exposed to female parasitoid wasps, and the emergence of wasps (black boxes) and flies (white boxes) was monitored. Of note, a significant fraction of infested animals die as larvae and pupae (dashed boxes). We observed a significant difference in the outcome of infection between the TEPq Δ and the wild-type flies (a A. tabida, chi-square = 97.59, df = 3, P < 0.001; b L. boulardi, chi-square = 14.81, df = 3, P = 0.02). In the case of L. boulardi infections, flies carrying a lamellocyte marker (misshapen-Gal4, UAS-mCherry) were used to monitor lamellocyte differentiation. Results are represented as a sum of a minimum of three independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated using Pearson’s chi-square testBack to article page