Fig. 7

Directional interaction of LFP phase and spikes. a Similarity of the LFP phase before vs. after spikes. x- and y-axes show the similarity of instantaneous phases of the 1–10 Hz LFP preceding and following the spikes of each neuron, respectively. Each dot shows the phase similarity measure for one site from the three animals. b Simulation of the phase similarity for the LFP preceding vs. following spikes for virtual recording sites, under three conditions; similar phase similarity preceding and following spikes (shown in red), phase similarity preceding spikes higher than following spikes (in blue), phase similarity following spikes higher than preceding spikes (in green). This simulation indicates that our comparison of the phase similarity between intervals preceding and following spikes is not biased by the different distributions of STL’s phases relative to the spike