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Fig. 3 | BMC Biology

Fig. 3

From: Additive contributions of melanopsin and both cone types provide broadband sensitivity to mouse pupil control

Fig. 3

Validation of cone-isolating stimuli. a Left: Spectral power distribution of a ‘cone-silent’ stimulus pair designed to produce a large modulation in spectra but negligible cone contrast (< 0.05%). Right: calculated contrast produced by the cone-silent stimulus for each photoreceptor class. b Mean ± SEM responses of colour opponent and non-opponent MR and non-MR units in Opn1mwR and Opn1mwR;Opn4−/− mice (peak-trough modulation in firing normalised to largest cone-driven response), showing maximal responses to cone-isolating stimuli targeting the non-dominant or dominant opsin, 15% contrast stimuli targeting the dominant opsin and responses evoked by cone silent stimuli. Data were analysed by one-way RM ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-test (clockwise from top left n = 24, 25, 10, 13, 64 and 26). c Top: Mean ± SEM responses of Cnga3−/−, Opn1mwR and Opn1mwR;Opn4−/− neurons to 75% contrast cone-isolating stimuli; since (as expected) Cnga3−/− lacked responses this analysis included all light-responsive cells identified in all genotypes (n = 24, n = 230 and n = 41 respectively). Bottom: cumulative frequency distribution for maximal response evoked by cone-isolating stimuli in the same populations of cells. Data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s test for multiple comparisons. *, ** and *** indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 respectively; ns indicates P > 0.05. d, g Changes in cone opsin spectral sensitivity resulting from extreme deviations in peak sensitivity (λmax) and short-wavelength lens cut-off (d) or filtering via retinal vasculature (g; penumbral cones). e, h Changes in actual cone opsin contrast for L- and S-opsin-isolating stimuli (nominally providing 75% contrast) as a result of varying λmax, lens cut-off or contribution of penumbral cones. Shaded area represents minimal off-target contrast required to account for colour opponent responses identified. f, i Changes in cone-opsin contrast for L- and S-opsin-isolating stimuli as a result of varying both λmax and lens cut-off wavelength (f) or contribution of penumbral cones (i). Colour axes are symmetrical about the target contrast (note difference in scaling between panels)

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