Table 1 Mean, variance, and skewness of the observed distributions of pairwise relatedness estimates between all three parties in the socially monogamous mating system of V. moorii

Paired male vs. set of cuckolder males

r_QG, 0.038 (0.00030)

p = 0.0088*

r_QG, 0.012 (0.0093)

p = 0.15

r_QG, 0.89 (0.63)

p = 0.26

r_LR, 0.033 (0.0025)

p = 0.0093*

r_LR, 0.0067 (0.0048)

p = 0.17

r_LR, 0.95 (1.60)

p = 0.65

Paired female vs. Set of cuckolder males

r_QG, 0.011 (− 0.0066)

p = 0.085

r_QG, 0.0061 (0.0070)

p = 0.67

r_QG, 0.21 (0.16)

p = 0.41

r_LR, − 0.0076 (− 0.0040)

p = 0.65

r_LR, 0.0015 (0.0028)

p = 0.91

r_LR, 0.46 (1.10)

p = 0.81

Paired male vs. Paired female

r_QG, − 0.0012 (− 0.0074)

p = 0.24

r_QG, 0.012 (0.011)

p = 0.16

r_QG, 1.00 (0.29)

p = 0.072

r_LR, − 0.0035 (− 0.0067)

p = 0.28

r_LR, 0.0065 (0.0038)

p = 0.057

r_LR, 3.09 (1.44)

p = 0.090