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Table 1 Polymerase-mediated synthesis of XNAs

From: Modified nucleic acids: replication, evolution, and next-generation therapeutics

Pol Family

 

Polymerase

Novel Activity

Ref.

Pol A

Taq

Tth

Pol θ

2’F RNA

2’OME RNA

2’-azido RNA

[83, 84, 87, 88, 90, 98]

Pol B

Tgo

KOD

9°N

Pfu

phi29

CeNA

LNA

phNA

HNA

FANA

CyDNA

2’F RNA

ANA

TNA

2’azido RNA

tPhoNA

[29, 33, 75, 78, 81, 82, 92]

Pol Y

(D-aa) Dpo4

L-DNA

[99,100,101]

Pol X

(D-aa) ASFV pol

L-DNA

L-RNA

[102]

RNAP

T7 RNAP

Syn5

2’F RNA

2’OMe RNA

Ds-Pa UBP

[95, 97, 103, 104]

RT

HIV-RT

pyDAD-puADA UBP

[105]

  1. Natural and engineered polymerases across of wide range of families have been used to synthesize unnatural nucleic acids. Polymerases are shown as space-filling models with primer shown in blue and templates shown in red. PDB codes are 4BWJ (Taq), 5OMF (KOD), 4G3I (Dpo4), 5HRF (ASFV), 1H38 (T7 RNAP), and 6HAK (HIV RT)