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Fig. 4 | BMC Biology

Fig. 4

From: Rac1/ROCK-driven membrane dynamics promote natural killer cell cytotoxicity via granzyme-induced necroptosis

Fig. 4

Necrotic killing of NK cells are associated with actin depolymerization and membrane leakage. a Representative still images obtained from live-cell imaging of MCF7 (left panel) and SMMC-7721 (right panel) in co-culture with primary NK cells. The upper panel shows the overlay images of bright-field and the lytic granule marker, LysoBrite (denoted in magenta). The lower panel shows the overlay images of the GrzmB-FRET reporter and LysoBrite. Time is indicated in the unit of hours:minutes at the top of the images. The specific interacting NK cell is indicated by the white arrows. b Still images of MCF7 cells treated with NSC23766 (Rac1 inhibitor, left panel) and SMMC-7721 cells upon 4-h adherence (right panel) in co-culture with primary NK cells stained with LysoBrite. c Dynamics of F-actin (denoted in green) and membrane leakage probed by PI (magenta, detected by the same fluorescence channel as LysoBrite) infiltration into the MCF7 cells triggered by NK cells. Time is indicated in the unit of minutes:seconds. The imaging frame rate for this time-lapse experiment is 30 s per frame. d Confocal live-cell imaging of F-actin (denoted in green) dynamics upon MCF7-NK cell interaction. NK cell was labeled with LysoBrite (magenta). Time is indicated in the unit of hours:minutes. The white scale bar in a–d is 10 μm

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