Fig. 4From: The genomic basis of copper tolerance in Drosophila is shaped by a complex interplay of regulatory and environmental factorsCopper survival experiments for all ten copper candidate genes. LT100 values comparing candidate gene disruption and knockdown lines with their genetic background controls (3 to 5 biological replicates of 15 females). Significant LT100 assessed with a two-sided t-test, with p-values < 0.05 are shown with *, p-values < 0.01 with **, and p-values < 0.001 with ***. Del is deletion and GDP is gene disruption. For RNAi knockdowns, genes thought to act in the ‘detox’ tissues—including the gut fat body and Malphigian tubules—were targeted with the 6g1HR-Gal4 driver, while those genes whose expression was more gut specific were targeted with MexG-Gal4. A ubiquitous Actin5C-Gal4 knockdown was used for all other crosses. Driver abbreviations are as follows: MexG-Gal4 w1118 is the introgressed w1118 version of MexG-Gal4 driver, HR is the HikoneR driver, and Act is the Actin5C-Gal4 driver (see Additional file 1: Table S1C)Back to article page