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  1. The deep-sea hypersaline anoxic basins (DHABs) of the Mediterranean (water depth ~3500 m) are some of the most extreme oceanic habitats known. Brines of DHABs are nearly saturated with salt, leading many to su...

    Authors: Joan M. Bernhard, Colin R. Morrison, Ellen Pape, David J. Beaudoin, M. Antonio Todaro, Maria G. Pachiadaki, Konstantinos Ar. Kormas and Virginia P. Edgcomb
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:105
  2. The hormonal state during the estrus cycle or pregnancy produces alterations on female olfactory perception that are accompanied by specific maternal behaviors, but it is unclear how sex hormones act on the ol...

    Authors: Livio Oboti, Ximena Ibarra-Soria, Anabel Pérez-Gómez, Andreas Schmid, Martina Pyrski, Nicole Paschek, Sarah Kircher, Darren W. Logan, Trese Leinders-Zufall, Frank Zufall and Pablo Chamero
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:104
  3. Precise spatiotemporal control of gene expression is essential for the establishment of correct cell numbers and identities during brain development. This process involves epigenetic control mechanisms, such a...

    Authors: Martina Zemke, Kalina Draganova, Annika Klug, Anne Schöler, Luis Zurkirchen, Max Hans-Peter Gay, Phil Cheng, Haruhiko Koseki, Tomas Valenta, Dirk Schübeler, Konrad Basler and Lukas Sommer
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:103
  4. Population genetics predicts that tight linkage between new and/or pre-existing beneficial and deleterious alleles should decrease the efficiency of natural selection in finite populations. By decoupling benef...

    Authors: Dau Dayal Aggarwal, Eugenia Rashkovetsky, Pawel Michalak, Irit Cohen, Yefim Ronin, Dan Zhou, Gabriel G. Haddad and Abraham B. Korol
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:101
  5. Force generation and the material properties of cells and tissues are central to morphogenesis but remain difficult to measure in vivo. Insight is often limited to the ratios of mechanical properties obtained ...

    Authors: Pedro F. Machado, Julia Duque, Jocelyn Étienne, Alfonso Martinez-Arias, Guy B. Blanchard and Nicole Gorfinkiel
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:98
  6. New Caledonian crows use a range of foraging tools, and are the only non-human species known to craft hooks. Based on a small number of observations, their manufacture of hooked stick tools has previously been...

    Authors: Barbara C. Klump, Shoko Sugasawa, James J. H. St Clair and Christian Rutz
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:97
  7. During cell-cycle progression, substrates of a single master regulatory enzyme can be modified in a specific order. Here, we used experimental and computational approaches to dissect the quantitative mechanism...

    Authors: Dan Lu, Juliet R. Girard, Weihan Li, Arda Mizrak and David O. Morgan
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:96
  8. The rapidly growing metagenomic databases provide increasing opportunities for computational discovery of new groups of organisms. Identification of new viruses is particularly straightforward given the compar...

    Authors: Natalya Yutin, Sofiya Shevchenko, Vladimir Kapitonov, Mart Krupovic and Eugene V. Koonin
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:95
  9. Tissue networks such as the vascular networks of plant and animal organs transport signals and nutrients in most multicellular organisms. The transport function of tissue networks depends on topological featur...

    Authors: Carla Verna, Megan G. Sawchuk, Nguyen Manh Linh and Enrico Scarpella
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:94
  10. Complement is a large protein network in plasma that is crucial for human immune defenses and a major cause of aberrant inflammatory reactions. The C5 convertase is a multi-molecular protease complex that cata...

    Authors: Evelien T. M. Berends, Ronald D. Gorham Jr, Maartje Ruyken, Jasper A. Soppe, Hatice Orhan, Piet C. Aerts, Carla J. C. de Haas, Piet Gros and Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:93
  11. Oat plants grown at an agricultural research facility produce higher yields in Field 1 than in Field 2, under well fertilised conditions and with similar weather exposure; all oat plants in both fields are hea...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:91
  12. Although prevalent in prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is rarer in multicellular eukaryotes. Bdelloid rotifers are microscopic animals that contain a higher proportion of horizontally transferred, n...

    Authors: Isobel Eyres, Chiara Boschetti, Alastair Crisp, Thomas P. Smith, Diego Fontaneto, Alan Tunnacliffe and Timothy G. Barraclough
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:90
  13. Ejaculates contain a diverse mixture of sperm and seminal fluid proteins, the combination of which is crucial to male reproductive success under competitive conditions. Males should therefore tailor the produc...

    Authors: Steven A. Ramm, Dominic A. Edward, Amy J. Claydon, Dean E. Hammond, Philip Brownridge, Jane L. Hurst, Robert J. Beynon and Paula Stockley
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:87
  14. Oat plants grown at an agricultural research facility produce higher yields in Field 1 than in Field 2, under well fertilised conditions and with similar weather exposure; all oat plants in both fields are hea...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:86
  15. How a potentially diverse population of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiates and proliferates to supply more than 1011 mature blood cells every day in humans remains a key biological question. We invest...

    Authors: Sidhartha Goyal, Sanggu Kim, Irvin SY Chen and Tom Chou
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:85
  16. The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum is an agriculturally important pest of leguminous plants including peas and broad beans. The widespread use of chemical pesticides impacts heavily on the environment, and increas...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:83
  17. Some yeasts have evolved a methylotrophic lifestyle enabling them to utilize the single carbon compound methanol as a carbon and energy source. Among them, Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella sp.) is frequently us...

    Authors: Hannes Rußmayer, Markus Buchetics, Clemens Gruber, Minoska Valli, Karlheinz Grillitsch, Gerda Modarres, Raffaele Guerrasio, Kristaps Klavins, Stefan Neubauer, Hedda Drexler, Matthias Steiger, Christina Troyer, Ali Al Chalabi, Guido Krebiehl, Denise Sonntag, Günther Zellnig…
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:80
  18. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) is the foremost strategy used for finding genes that control human diseases and agriculturally important traits, but it often reports false positives. In contrast, its co...

    Authors: Chunhui Li, Yongxiang Li, Peter J. Bradbury, Xun Wu, Yunsu Shi, Yanchun Song, Dengfeng Zhang, Eli Rodgers-Melnick, Edward S. Buckler, Zhiwu Zhang, Yu Li and Tianyu Wang
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:78
  19. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and growth and differentiation factor (GDF)-5 are two related transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members with important functions in embryonic development and tissue h...

    Authors: Uwe Klammert, Thomas D. Mueller, Tina V. Hellmann, Kristian K. Wuerzler, Alexander Kotzsch, Anna Schliermann, Werner Schmitz, Alexander C. Kuebler, Walter Sebald and Joachim Nickel
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:77
  20. Bacterial spores can remain dormant for decades, yet harbor the exceptional capacity to rapidly resume metabolic activity and recommence life. Although germinants and their corresponding receptors have been kn...

    Authors: Alex Rosenberg, Boumediene Soufi, Vaishnavi Ravikumar, Nelson C. Soares, Karsten Krug, Yoav Smith, Boris Macek and Sigal Ben-Yehuda
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:76
  21. Plants under herbivore attack release volatiles that attract natural enemies, and herbivores in turn avoid such plants. Whilst herbivore-induced plant volatile blends appeared to reduce the attractiveness of h...

    Authors: Eduardo Hatano, Ahmed M. Saveer, Felipe Borrero-Echeverry, Martin Strauch, Ali Zakir, Marie Bengtsson, Rickard Ignell, Peter Anderson, Paul G. Becher, Peter Witzgall and Teun Dekker
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:75
  22. Recent genome projects of various animals have uncovered an unexpectedly large number of opsin genes, which encode protein moieties of photoreceptor molecules, in most animals. In visual systems, the biologica...

    Authors: Mitsumasa Koyanagi, Seiji Wada, Emi Kawano-Yamashita, Yuichiro Hara, Shigehiro Kuraku, Shigeaki Kosaka, Koichi Kawakami, Satoshi Tamotsu, Hisao Tsukamoto, Yoshinori Shichida and Akihisa Terakita
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:73
  23. The shoot meristem gives rise to new organs throughout a plant’s life by the activity of pluripotent stem cells in the meristem center. Organ initiation at the periphery of the shoot meristem is triggered by t...

    Authors: Farshad Roodbarkelari, Fei Du, Elisabeth Truernit and Thomas Laux
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:74
  24. In contrast to mammals, the zebrafish has the remarkable capacity to regenerate its pancreatic beta cells very efficiently. Understanding the mechanisms of regeneration in the zebrafish and the differences wit...

    Authors: Aurélie P. Ghaye, David Bergemann, Estefania Tarifeño-Saldivia, Lydie C. Flasse, Virginie Von Berg, Bernard Peers, Marianne L. Voz and Isabelle Manfroid
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:70
  25. The opportunistic pathogen Candida glabrata is a member of the Saccharomycetaceae yeasts. Like its close relative Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it underwent a whole-genome duplication followed by an extensive loss of...

    Authors: Stéphane Descorps-Declère, Cyril Saguez, Axel Cournac, Martial Marbouty, Thomas Rolland, Laurence Ma, Christiane Bouchier, Ivan Moszer, Bernard Dujon, Romain Koszul and Guy-Franck Richard
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:69
  26. Virus B is a newly emerged viral strain for which there is no current treatment. Drug A was identified as a potential treatment for infection with virus B. In this pre-clinical phase of drug testing, the effec...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:68
  27. Cajal’s careful observations of the anatomy of the nervous system led him to some lesser-known predictions about the function of glia as mediators of sleep. Reporting over 120 years later in BMC Biology, Bellesi ...

    Authors: Matthew C F Tso and Erik D. Herzog
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:67
  28. For faithful chromosome segregation during cell division, correct attachments must be established between sister chromosomes and microtubules from opposite spindle poles through kinetochores (chromosome bi-ori...

    Authors: Yasushi Saka, Claudiu V. Giuraniuc and Hiroyuki Ohkura
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:65
  29. Tim Hunt took an undergraduate degree in Natural Sciences at Cambridge in 1964, and his PhD and subsequent work focussed on the control of protein synthesis until 1982, when his adventitious discovery of the c...

    Authors: Tim Hunt
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:64
  30. Insulators play a central role in gene regulation, chromosomal architecture and genome function in higher eukaryotes. To learn more about how insulators carry out their diverse functions, we have begun an anal...

    Authors: Artem Bonchuk, Oksana Maksimenko, Olga Kyrchanova, Tatyana Ivlieva, Vladic Mogila, Girish Deshpande, Daniel Wolle, Paul Schedl and Pavel Georgiev
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:63
  31. Shear stress in arteries, which is a measure of the force exerted by blood flow on the arterial wall, is associated with the location of lipid plaques that cause heart disease. In this study, a mathematical mo...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:62
  32. Some steroid drugs are designed for clinical use to combat muscle-wasting diseases, but are also used by athletes to improve their performance by increasing muscle strength or endurance. This study investigate...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:61
  33. Probiotic treatments are thought to increase the levels of commensal bacterial species that populate the human gut, causing no harm to their host and playing an important role in maintaining gut health. This s...

    Authors: Emma Saxon
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:60
  34. Peptide transporters are membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di- and tripeptides, and of peptidomimetic drugs such as β-lactam antibiotics, antiviral drugs and antineoplastic agents. In spite...

    Authors: Rajendra Boggavarapu, Jean-Marc Jeckelmann, Daniel Harder, Zöhre Ucurum and Dimitrios Fotiadis
    Citation: BMC Biology 2015 13:58
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