Fig. 2
Bayesian skyline plots (BSPs) of Q-M1107 lineage and its main sub-lineages in Native America. Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) depicting the population size changes through time in the Americas for the 1.5 Mb of the Q-M1107 Y chromosomes included in the phylogenetic tree of Fig. 1. All Native American M1107 Y chromosomes were considered together in panel a, while only those belonging to the main sub-lineages were assessed separately in panel b. Timing of events was estimated on the basis of Kennewick’s and Anzick-1’s radiocarbon dates [40, 41]. The x-axis is in calendar thousand years before present, and the y-axis equals changes in effective population size (shown as the product of Ne and generation time T). The black and coloured lines in panel a and in panel b, respectively, are the median estimates while the shadings in panel a and in the inset of panel b show 95% highest posterior density intervals. The time axis is limited to 30 kya, beyond which the curve remains flat