Fig. 4.

Links between baseline gut microbiome and resistome alteration under antibiotic pressure. a Spearman’s rank correlation matrix revealed a positive correlation between the resistance score (indicating more positive antibiotic resistance gene selection in patients) and baseline microbiome and plasmid diversity. Pink-colored edgings indicate statistically significant correlation coefficients (p ≤ 0.05). b Scatter graphs with detailed illustration of the relation between baseline microbiome and plasmid diversity as well as between resistance score and baseline microbiome and plasmid diversity