Fig. 5

Light-phase peaking diel genes are involved in metabolism, host interaction, DNA repair and ribosome biogenesis. A Peak phase of expression of diel genes in KEGG pathways for metabolism. B Temporal expression profiles of genes involved in the insulin signalling pathway. C, D Venom-allergen-like 12 (Val12, Smp_123540) is a diel gene in males; it peaks at noon and is predicted to interact with the host. In situ expression supports this prediction as transcripts reach the body wall musculature (arrow) and into the tubercles of the dorsal tegument (arrow head) (scale = 10 μm, optical sections, phall = phalloidin, acTub = acetylated tubulin, 100% of individuals examined, n = 20). E Temporal expression profiles of genes involved in DNA repair and F ribosome biogenesis (B, E and F blue and red lines = male and female diel genes respectively)