Fig. 1

Phylogenetic tree of fatty acyl desaturases (FADs). The FAD tree was constructed by using amino acid sequences of lepidopteran FADs. The FADs functionally characterized in previous studies are classified into six subfamilies: ∆9 FAD subfamilies usually involved in normal fatty acid metabolism with preference for C₁₆ (C₁₆>C₁₈) or C₁₈ (C₁₈>C₁₆); the ∆11/∆10/multifunctional FAD subfamily; the ∆9 FAD subfamily with preference for C₁₄-C₂₆, involved in pheromone biosynthesis; and the ∆14 and ∆5/∆6 FAD subfamilies that introduce double bonds into unusual positions in saturated fatty acids. The predicted FAD genes CsupYPAQ and CsupKPSE from C. suppressalis are marked by green and red-filled circles, respectively. Values indicated at the nodes are bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates and bootstrap values <50% are not shown