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Neurotransmitter release depends on the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane and is mainly mediated by SNARE complex assembly. During the transition of Munc18-1/Syntaxin-1 to the SNARE com...
Aphids are common crop pests. These insects reproduce by facultative parthenogenesis involving several rounds of clonal reproduction interspersed with an occasional sexual cycle. Furthermore, clonal aphids giv...
Prime editing (PE) is the most recent gene editing technology able to introduce targeted alterations to the genome, including single base pair changes, small insertions, and deletions. Several improvements to ...
Adenine base editors (ABEs) are promising therapeutic gene editing tools that can efficiently convert targeted A•T to G•C base pairs in the genome. However, the large size of commonly used ABEs based on SpCas9...
Plants can perceive and respond to mechanical signals. For instance, cortical microtubule (CMT) arrays usually reorganize following the predicted maximal tensile stress orientation at the cell and tissue level...
The standard evolutionary theory of ageing proposes that ageing occurs because of a trade-off between reproduction and longevity. Eusocial insect queens exhibit positive fecundity-longevity associations and so...
Rodents utilize chemical cues to recognize and avoid other conspecifics infected with pathogens. Infection with pathogens and acute inflammation alter the repertoire and signature of olfactory stimuli emitted ...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) accelerates atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Tyrosine sulfation has been recognized as a key post-translational modification (PTM) in regulation of various cellu...
Biological aging is an important factor leading to the development of pathologies associated with metabolic dysregulation, including type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Telo...
Some dendrobatid poison frogs sequester the toxin epibatidine as a defense against predators. We previously identified an amino acid substitution (S108C) at a highly conserved site in a nicotinic acetylcholine...
Epigenetic processes are proposed to be a mechanism regulating gene expression during phenotypic plasticity. However, environmentally induced changes in DNA methylation exhibit little-to-no association with di...
Unidirectional regeneration in the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis involves the proliferation of adult stem cells residing in the branchial sac vasculature and the migration of progenitor cells to the site of d...
Mesophotic coral communities are increasingly gaining attention for the unique biological diversity they host, exemplified by the numerous mesophotic fish species that continue to be discovered. In contrast, m...
The mammalian retina contains an autonomous circadian clock that controls various aspects of retinal physiology and function, including dopamine (DA) release by amacrine cells. This neurotransmitter plays a cr...
Transposable elements (TEs) can represent one of the major sources of genomic variation across eukaryotes, providing novel raw materials for species diversification and innovation. While considerable effort ha...
How stem cell populations are organized and regulated within adult tissues is important for understanding cancer origins and for developing cell replacement strategies. Paradigms such as mammalian gut stem cel...
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, commonly called orange jessamine in the family Rutaceae, is an important ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical regions which is famous for its strong fragrance. Although genom...
The harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), native to Asia, has been introduced to other major continents where it has caused serious negative impacts on local biodiversity. Though notab...
Insects rely on chemosensory perception, mainly olfaction, for the location of mates, food sources, and oviposition sites. Plant-released volatile compounds guide herbivorous insects to search for and locate t...
Explaining the emergence of the hallmarks of bilaterians is a central focus of evolutionary developmental biology—evodevo—and evolutionary genomics. For this purpose, we must both expand and also refine our kn...
The influence of diet on immune function and resistance to enteric infection and disease is becoming ever more established. Highly processed, refined diets can lead to inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis...
The development of nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) has revolutionized the study of biological tissues by enabling, e.g., the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes at subc...
Intracellular symbionts often undergo genome reduction, losing both coding and non-coding DNA in a process that ultimately produces small, gene-dense genomes with few genes. Among eukaryotes, an extreme exampl...
Snake venoms are trophic adaptations that represent an ideal model to examine the evolutionary factors that shape polymorphic traits under strong natural selection. Venom compositional variation is substantial...
Based on their anatomical location, rostral projections of nuclei are classified as ascending circuits, while caudal projections are classified as descending circuits. Upper brainstem neurons participate in co...
Sapria himalayana (Rafflesiaceae) is an endoparasitic plant characterized by a greatly reduced vegetative body and giant flowers; however, the mechanisms underlying its special lifestyle and greatly altered plant...
With the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, and the dwindling reserves of easily exploitable fossil fuel, microalgae-based biofuels that can be used for transport systems and CO2 abatement have attracted gre...
Musculoskeletal tissue degeneration impairs the life quality and motor function of many people, especially seniors and athletes. Tendinopathy is one of the most common diseases associated with musculoskeletal ...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2023 21:69
Non-invasive recordings of gross neural activity in humans often show responses to omitted stimuli in steady trains of identical stimuli. This has been taken as evidence for the neural coding of prediction or ...
Common seadragons (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus, Syngnathidae) are an emblem of the diverse endemic fauna of Australia’s southern rocky reefs, the newly recognized “Great Southern Reef.” A lack of assessments spannin...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2018 16:72
Circular RNA (circRNA) molecules, generated through non-canonical back-splicing of exon-exon junctions, have recently been implicated in diverse biological functions including transcriptional regulation and mo...
Information on common markers of metabolic resistance in malaria vectors from countries sharing similar eco-climatic characteristics can facilitate coordination of malaria control. Here, we characterized popul...
The axonemal microtubules of primary cilium undergo a conserved protein posttranslational modification (PTM) — polyglutamylation. This reversible procedure is processed by tubulin tyrosine ligase-like polyglut...
Changes in gene expression levels during brain development are thought to have played an important role in the evolution of human cognition. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, changes ...
The factors that maintain phenotypic and genetic variation within a population have received long-term attention in evolutionary biology. Here the genetic basis and evolution of the geographically widespread v...
The ShK toxin from Stichodactyla helianthus has established the therapeutic potential of sea anemone venom peptides, but many lineage-specific toxin families in Actiniarians remain uncharacterised. One such pepti...
As organisms evolve, the effects of mutations change as a result of epistatic interactions with other mutations accumulated along the line of descent. This can lead to shifts in adaptability or robustness that...
The regulation of glycolysis and autophagy during feeding and metamorphosis in holometabolous insects is a complex process that is not yet fully understood. Insulin regulates glycolysis during the larval feedi...
Pseudozyma flocculosa is a highly efficient biocontrol agent (BCA) of powdery mildews whose mode of action remains elusive. It is known to secrete unique effectors during its interaction with powdery mildews but ...
A fraction of all genomes is composed of transposable elements (TEs) whose mobility needs to be carefully controlled. In gonads, TE activity is repressed by PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small RNA...
Post mortem human brain tissue is an essential resource to study cell types, connectivity as well as subcellular structures down to the molecular setup of the central nervous system especially with respect to the...
Canadian policymakers are interested in determining whether farmed Atlantic salmon, frequently infected with Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV), may threaten wild salmon populations in the Pacific Northwest. A relevant ...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2021 19:138
The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:114
The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:115
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2021 19:138
The Commentary to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:116
The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:114
This paper is a response to Polinski, M. P. et al. Innate antiviral defense demonstrates high energetic efficiency in a bony fish. BMC Biology 19, 138 (2021).
The Commentary to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:116
The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2023 21:115
The Research article to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2021 19:138
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2021 19:138
Mitochondria have a central role in cellular functions, aging, and in certain diseases. They possess their own genome, a vestige of their bacterial ancestor. Over the course of evolution, most of the genes of ...
DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) are one of the most deleterious DNA lesions, originating from various sources, including enzymatic activity. For instance, topoisomerases, which play a fundamental role in DNA me...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2023 21:83
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